Additional learning needs in Wales

In short

• In Wales, the system is called additional learning needs (ALN), set out in the Additional Learning Needs and Education Tribunal (Wales) Act 2018.
• The main statutory plan is the Individual Development Plan (IDP), which replaced earlier plans.
• The school's ALNCo co-ordinates support for children with additional learning needs.
• Appeals about an IDP go to the Education Tribunal for Wales.
• This guide covers Wales only.

What the law says

The Additional Learning Needs and Education Tribunal (Wales) Act 2018 created a single framework for children and young people with additional learning needs. It replaced the earlier special educational needs legislation. The Act also set up the Education Tribunal for Wales, which replaced the Special Educational Needs Tribunal for Wales.

The Act is being brought into force in stages. Some parts came into force soon after it became law, and others have been introduced in later commencement orders. Because of this, the transition from older plans can vary. Ask your local authority and school how your child's current plan will be handled.

Additional learning needs

A child or young person has additional learning needs if they have a learning difficulty or disability that calls for additional support beyond what is normally available to other children of the same age. Autism can be one of these needs, but a diagnosis is not what decides eligibility. The question is what support the child needs in order to learn.

Most children with additional learning needs receive support through the school's universal and additional provision. Their teacher and the ALNCo plan this support together.

The ALNCo

Every school in Wales must have an Additional Learning Needs Co-ordinator (ALNCo). The ALNCo co-ordinates support for pupils with additional learning needs, works with class teachers and support staff, and is usually your first point of contact on support matters.

You can ask the school to explain who the ALNCo is and how they will involve you in planning. Ask how progress will be measured and when you will next review the support.

Individual Development Plans

An Individual Development Plan (IDP) is the single statutory plan under the Act. It replaces the earlier statutory and non-statutory plans for children and young people covered by the Act. An IDP sets out a child's needs, the support they will receive and the outcomes the plan is aiming for.

Children, young people and their parents have rights to be involved in the process, and to appeal decisions about an IDP. If you think a plan does not reflect your child's needs, raise it in writing with the school and the local authority before deciding what to do next.

The Education Tribunal for Wales

The Education Tribunal for Wales hears appeals about additional learning needs decisions, including decisions about an IDP. It is independent of local councils and schools.

Before appealing, get advice about the time limits and the evidence you will need. A decision that is not appealed in time can be difficult to challenge later.

Getting advice

Several organisations can help you understand your rights and the process. SNAP Cymru is an independent advice charity that supports families of disabled children and young people with additional learning needs in Wales. Your local authority and school can also explain how support is arranged in your area.

If you are unsure what to ask for, a written summary of your child's strengths, difficulties and what helps can be a useful starting point for any meeting.

Practical steps

• Ask the school who the ALNCo is and arrange a meeting.
• Request a written summary of the support in place.
• Ask whether your child has an IDP, or whether an IDP is planned.
• Keep copies of all plans, reports and letters.
• Contact an advice service early if you disagree with a decision.

This guide is general information, not legal advice.